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Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn» Vielleicht gibt es ja eine Anregung?

RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#31
21.05.2015, 10:29
Acute increases in night-time plasma melatonin levels following a period of meditation.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10876066

Buddha's Brain: Neuroplasticity and Meditation
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2944261/
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#32
29.06.2015, 12:09
Recalling and forgetting dreams: theta and alpha oscillations during sleep predict subsequent dream recall.

Abstract
Zitat:Under the assumption that dream recall is a peculiar form of declarative memory, we have hypothesized that (1) the encoding of dream contents during sleep should share some electrophysiological mechanisms with the encoding of episodic memories of the awake brain and (2) recalling a dream(s) after awakening from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep should be associated with different brain oscillations. Here, we report that cortical brain oscillations of human sleep are predictive of successful dream recall. In particular, after morning awakening from REM sleep, a higher frontal 5-7 Hz (theta) activity was associated with successful dream recall. This finding mirrors the increase in frontal theta activity during successful encoding of episodic memories in wakefulness. Moreover, in keeping with the different EEG background, a different predictive relationship was found after awakening from stage 2 NREM sleep. Specifically, a lower 8-12 Hz (alpha) oscillatory activity of the right temporal area was associated with a successful dream recall. These findings provide the first evidence of univocal cortical electroencephalographic correlates of dream recall, suggesting that the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the encoding and recall of episodic memories may remain the same across different states of consciousness.

http://www.jneurosci.org/content/31/18/6674.long
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#33
04.07.2015, 09:25
Zitat:In particular, after morning awakening from REM sleep, a higher frontal 5-7 Hz (theta) activity was associated with successful dream recall. This finding mirrors the increase in frontal theta activity during successful encoding of episodic memories in wakefulness. Moreover, in keeping with the different EEG background, a different predictive relationship was found after awakening from stage 2 NREM sleep. Specifically, a lower 8-12 Hz (alpha) oscillatory activity of the right temporal area was associated with a successful dream recall.

Das ist sehr interessant! Die nächste Fragestellung, die mich interessieren würde ist:
Kann man TE pushen, wenn man die genannten Frequenzen (z.B. durch Binaural beats, was bei den Frequenzen leicht möglich sein sollte) beim Aufwachen stimuliert?
Ein zeopi mit BT Headset, das durch fuzzy Algorithmen erkennt, dass ein baldiges Aufwachen wahrscheinlich wird, könnte entsprechende Signale (langsam wobbelnde und langsam lauter werdende 5-7hz ) auslösen. Das Ergebnis könnte ein sanftes Aufwachen mit TE sein.
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#34
20.07.2015, 06:55 (Dieser Beitrag wurde zuletzt bearbeitet: 25.08.2015, 13:12 von Pygar.)
http://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment...ts/398027/

Zitat:When you draw an object, the mind becomes deeply, intensely attentive,” says the designer Milton Glaser, an author of a 2008 monograph titled Drawing Is Thinking.

What’s more, according to a study published in the Journal of Applied Cognitive Psychology, doodlers find it easier to recall dull information (even 29 percent more) than non-doodlers, because the latter are more likely to daydream.

Drawing, even in a primitive way, often triggers insights and discoveries that aren’t possible through words alone.

Learning and Memory Stimulated by Gut Hormone

Zitat:The team, led by Tamas L. Horvath, chair of the Section of Comparative Medicine at Yale School of Medicine and associate professor of comparative medicine, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, and Neurobiology, first observed that peripheral ghrelin can enter the hippocampus and bind to local neurons promoting alterations in connections between nerve cells in mice and rats. Further study of behavior in the animals showed that these changes in brain circuitry are linked to enhanced learning and memory performance.

Zitat:Neuroimaging studies showed that MM practice activates the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and that long-term meditation practice is associated with an enhancement of cerebral areas related to attention

http://journals.cambridge.org/action/dis...1709991747


Zitat:Taken together, meditation appears to reflect
changes in anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal areas.

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/dow...1&type=pdf



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_acti...meditation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_mec...meditation
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#35
04.09.2015, 07:34
http://www.neeuro.com/eight-reasons-hand...-exercise/

Zitat:1. Handwriting activates a unique neural circuit, which makes learning easier. Cognitive psychologist Dr. Stanislas Dehaene from the College de France says the handwritten word stimulates our brain.

2. More ideas are expressed when one writes by hand.

3. Cursive writing may be a path to treating dyslexia, as it aids in preventing the reversal and inversion of letters, a common dyslexic occurrence, seen in this New York Times article by Maria Konnikova, pointing to a 2012 study by Dr. Diane Montgomery of the UK’s Middlesex University.

4. Note taking among college students is a good memory booster, as it helps them better understand concepts and facts, versus typing on a keyboard where information is not properly retained. Lizette Borreli writes more about these studies in Medical Daily .

5. Writing by hand strengthens the learning process thereby producing a healthier mind, while typing produces “mindless processing.”

6. Handwriting is a key step in cognitive development. This is especially acknowledged by schools in France where cursive writing is first taught to students in primary school.

7. Writing by hand — and even going beyond that — sketching, drawing, doodling, is a necessary mode of human connection. It is probably the “most beautiful manifestation in human relations.” Liza Kirwin in her book, “More than Words,” currently being shown at the Smithsonian Archive of American Art, shows various writers and artists give a glimpse of the beauty of handwriting and hand-drawn work.

8. Handwriting entails movement, from the holding of the pen to the touching of the paper to create letters; thus is considered a good sensory motor exercise. A study entitled Digitizing Literacy: the Haptics of Handwriting revealed that in handwriting, the brain receives feedback from a person’s motor actions which helps establish a connection between reading and writing.

Writing by hand is considered a skill since it involves a perceptual component and handling of some technical tool (pen, pencil, paper) resulting in something visual; it is also a personalized representation of ourselves. We write reminders, notes, lectures, articles, letters, love letters, Christmas, Valentine, birthday cards, or just scribble a grocery list or sign on our checks. But whatever type of handwriting we do, whenever we do so, we are giving ourselves the gift of brain training and brain exercise. In this digitized world, there is nothing wrong with keeping the tradition of hand writing, because behind your signature, is your soul.

Do you agree that handwriting is a good brain exercise? Find out other ways to also train your brain for a healthier mind here.
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#36
14.09.2015, 08:59
http://www.transparentcorp.com/products/...nition.php

Zitat:Using Mental Imagery & Suggestion
Your mindset and subconscious beliefs also have strong ties to your ability to perform cognitive tasks. Neuro-Programmer 3 was uniquely designed so that all of the benefits from brainwave stimulation, as described above, could be combined with the benefits of affirmations and suggestion to help you take control of your mind.

It is just as important to provide a psychological basis for increased intelligence as it is to provide the necessary neural activity. For example, a common limiting belief is "I am not good at math." And if you truly believe that, it will hold you back from making any real progress.

In 2007, a study by psychologist Carol Dweck at Stanford University found that beliefs about intelligence had more of an impact on intelligence than was previously assumed.12 Dweck separated one hundred 7th grade students into 2 equal groups. All students had suffering math scores. One group was taught good studying habits, the other was taught about the plasticity of the brain, and how the brain can change; that new neural connections can be formed and intelligence can actually be increased. At the end of the semester, the children who were taught about the nature of intelligence ended up performing better than those who were taught improved study skills!

Using a set of practical psychological techniques, beliefs about your own mental abilities can be shifted. This enables you to function at the highest levels your brain can support.
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#37
22.09.2015, 07:04
http://www.usatoday.com/story/life/2015/.../72248670/

Zitat:Can you build a better brain with blueberries – or with fish, walnuts or kale?

The idea that certain super foods can keep us sharper as we age has huge appeal – especially as study after study suggests that brain power will not be found in a supplement pill. The latest, published in August in the medical journal JAMA, showed that older adults who took nutritional supplements, including omega-3 fatty acids (found in fatty fish and walnuts) and a combo of lutein and zeaxanthin (found in leafy greens), experienced just as much cognitive decline over a five-year period as those who took placebo pills.

The results "were not at all surprising," given previous similar findings, says Sudeep Gill, an associate professor of geriatric medicine at Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario. But, as Gill and colleague Dallas Seitz wrote in an editorial accompanying the JAMA study, the disappointing results on supplements do not mean nutrition doesn't matter to brain health.

In fact, quite a few studies suggest that certain diets – often the same diets that are good for our hearts – can help slow memory loss and other signs of brain aging. Such diets might even help prevent Alzheimer's disease. And they may well contain lots of blueberries, fish, walnuts and kale – though the evidence for particular foods tends to be spottier than the evidence for broader eating patterns, researchers say.

"People don't just eat individual things," says Alain Koyama, a researcher at the San Francisco VA Medical Center. "It's more realistic to look at dietary patterns."

Among those promising eating patterns:

• The Mediterranean diet. This is a diet that includes lots of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and legumes, plus olive oil and, often, wine. Some versions call for fish several times a week. In several observational studies – the kind where researchers just look at what people already eat, rather than assign diets to them – people whose diets are closest to the Mediterranean pattern show lower rates of cognitive decline. A recent study that assigned the diet, plus extra olive oil or nuts, to some older adults in Spain found that they held onto their cognitive abilities more firmly than adults assigned a different diet.

• The DASH diet. That stands for Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension and, as the name implies, it can lower blood pressure. But observational studies show people who eat DASH-like diets also show slower rates of cognitive decline. The diet limits salt, sweets and red meat and includes lots of fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes and whole grains, plus low-fat dairy. In one study designed to study heart health, people assigned to the DASH diet appeared to get some cognitive benefits.

• The MIND diet. This diet takes elements of the Mediterranean and DASH diets and puts additional emphasis on foods that show particular brain-boosting promise. Those include leafy greens, nuts and berries. In observational studies, the MIND diet was associated with reduced risks of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. The diet does not require as much fish as the Mediterranean diet or as many fruit and vegetable servings as the DASH diet and is generally "not as strict," says Martha Morris, a nutritional epidemiologist at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago.

Despite such promising leads, the science on diet and brain aging remains "too inconclusive to warrant recommendations for dietary change," an expert committee convened by the Institute of Medicine wrote recently. The committee did say the evidence "provides some justification for individual choices to eat less meat and more nuts and legumes, whole grains, and monounsaturated fats, such as olive oil, to preserve cognitive health."

Heidi Wengreen, an assistant professor of nutrition at Utah State University, agrees that many questions remain, but says: "We have a lot of good clues and we have a lot of common elements."

Exactly why some eating patterns might be good for the brain is not clear. One key may be that diets that keep blood flowing to the heart also keep it flowing to the brain. Also, certain nutrients may help prevent inflammation in the brain or otherwise protect brain cells, Wengreen says.

While getting those nutrients in a supplement might make sense for some people who do not get enough through diet, she says, the real money is on real food: "There's probably a synergistic effect from the nutrients found in whole foods that you just can't get when you take a supplement."

And there's little downside – except the costs of some of the foods -- to adopting the most promising eating patterns, because they are in line with current dietary guidelines, Gill says.

Here's what one potentially brain-healthy diet, the MIND diet, calls for:

• Leafy greens (such as spinach, romaine lettuce and kale) every day

• One additional serving of vegetables every day

• Whole grains three times a day

• Nuts on most days

• Beans about three times a week

• Poultry at least twice a week

• Fish at least once a week.

• Berries at least twice a week

• Wine – but no more than one glass a day

• Olive oil as your primary cooking oil

• Limited amounts of red meat, cheese, butter, sweets and fried foods
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#38
23.09.2015, 12:03
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/...y&el=1_x_3
Zitat:This paper proposes a third meditation-category—automatic self-transcending— to extend
the dichotomy of focused attention and open monitoring proposed by Lutz. Automatic selftranscending
includes techniques designed to transcend their own activity. This contrasts
with focused attention, which keeps attention focused on an object; and open monitoring,
which keeps attention involved in the monitoring process. Each category was assigned
EEG bands, based on reported brain patterns during mental tasks, and meditations were
categorized based on their reported EEG. Focused attention, characterized by beta/gamma
activity, included meditations from Tibetan Buddhist, Buddhist, and Chinese traditions.
Open monitoring, characterized by theta activity, included meditations from Buddhist, Chinese,
and Vedic traditions. Automatic self-transcending, characterized by alpha1 activity,
included meditations from Vedic and Chinese traditions. Between categories, the included
meditations differed in focus, subject/object relation, and procedures. These findings shed
light on the common mistake of averaging meditations together to determine mechanisms
or clinical effects.
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#39
25.09.2015, 07:29
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26392037
Zitat:The beneficial effects of berries on cognition, motor behaviour and neuronal function in ageing.

Shukitt-Hale B1, Bielinski DF1, Lau FC1, Willis LM1, Carey AN1, Joseph JA1.


Author information

Abstract

Previously, it has been shown that strawberry (SB) or blueberry (BB) supplementations, when fed to rats from 19 to 21 months of age, reverse age-related decrements in motor and cognitive performance. We have postulated that these effects may be the result of a number of positive benefits of the berry polyphenols, including decreased stress signalling, increased neurogenesis, and increased signals involved in learning and memory. Thus, the present study was carried out to examine these mechanisms in aged animals by administering a control, 2 % SB- or 2 % BB-supplemented diet to aged Fischer 344 rats for 8 weeks to ascertain their effectiveness in reversing age-related deficits in behavioural and neuronal function. The results showed that rats consuming the berry diets exhibited enhanced motor performance and improved cognition, specifically working memory. In addition, the rats supplemented with BB and SB diets showed increased hippocampal neurogenesis and expression of insulin-like growth factor 1, although the improvements in working memory performance could not solely be explained by these increases. The diverse polyphenolics in these berry fruits may have additional mechanisms of action that could account for their relative differences in efficacy
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#40
01.10.2015, 09:46 (Dieser Beitrag wurde zuletzt bearbeitet: 05.10.2015, 08:32 von Pygar.)
Self-awareness,self-regulation,andself-transcendence(S-ART)




Doodling is good for you:
Zitat:. In fact, simply doodling may help all students, but especially those with attention-deficit disorder, better focus in class — even if the doodle has nothing obvious to do with the content being taught.

http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/0...ools/?_r=0


HOOKED: HOW TO BUILD HABIT-FORMING PRODUCTS BY NIR EYAL ANIMATED - NARRATED BY NIR EYAL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVDN2mjJpb8
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#41
05.10.2015, 18:21 (Dieser Beitrag wurde zuletzt bearbeitet: 08.10.2015, 09:04 von Pygar.)
Schon eine einzige bedrückende Filmszene, die man zu später Stunde sieht, verschiebt die Abfolge der Schlafphasen. Versuchspersonen, die im Schlaflabor der Univrsität Amsterdam die Geißelungsszene aus Mel Gibsons Film „Die Passion Christi“ ansahen, bevor sie zu Bett gingen, hatten in der ersten Hälfte der Nacht mehr und in der zweiten Hälfte der Nacht weniger REM-Schlaf als andere Probanden, die einen Tierfilm mit Pinguinen sahen.

Stefan Klein - Träume - Eine Reise in unsere innere Wirklichkeit

<hr>


Solberg, E.E., Holen, A., Ekeberg, Ø., Østerud, B.,
Halvorsen, R. & Sandvik, L. (2004) The effects of long meditation on
plasma melatonin and blood serotonin. Medical science monitor: international medical journal of experimental and clinical research,


Harinath, K., Malhotra, A.S., Pal, K., Prasad, R.,
Kumar, R., Kain, T.C., Rai, L. & Sawhney, R.C. (2004) Effects of
Hatha yoga and Omkar meditation on cardiorespiratory performance,
psychologic profile, and melatonin secretion. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 10, (2), 261-268

Tooley, A. Armstrong, S. M., Norman, T. R. & Sali, A. (2000) Acute increases in night-time plasma melatonin levels following a period of meditation. Biological Psychology, 53, (1), 69–78, 2000

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10876066




http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23137025

Zitat:Serum melatonin levels and antioxidant capacities after consumption of pineapple, orange, or banana by healthy male volunteers.

Sae-Teaw M1, Johns J, Johns NP, Subongkot S.

Author information

Abstract

Melatonin is a naturally occurring molecule biosynthesized by the pineal gland of vertebrates; it also has been identified in many plants. It is considered an important antioxidant and may retard the development of some neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Previous studies in humans have measured melatonin metabolites in urine and have indicated that melatonin-containing foods may provide dietary melatonin. This study tested whether the consumption of fruits or fruit juice containing melatonin would influence the serum melatonin concentration and antioxidant status. In this crossover study, 12 healthy male volunteers took either juice extracted from one kilogram of orange or pineapple or two whole bananas, with a 1-wk washout period between the fruit or fruit juices. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay was used to determine the serum melatonin concentration. Serum antioxidant capacity was determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) assay. The highest serum melatonin concentration was observed at 120 min after fruit consumption, and compared with before consumption levels, their values were significantly increased for pineapple (146 versus 48 pg/mL P = 0.002), orange (151 versus 40 pg/mL, P = 0.005), and banana (140 versus 32 pg/mL, P = 0.008), respectively. Serum antioxidant capacity following fruit consumption also significantly increased in both the FRAP (7-14% increase, P ≤ 0.004) and ORAC (6-9% increase, P = 0.002) assays. Both the serum FRAP and ORAC values strongly correlated with serum melatonin concentration for all three fruits. These findings suggest that tropical fruit consumption increases the serum melatonin concentrations and also raises the antioxidant capacity in the serum of healthy volunteers in proportion to serum melatonin levels.



Auswirkungen des Essverhaltens auf die Wahrnehmung

https://www.reddit.com/r/Nootropics/comm...s_of_meal/
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#42
21.10.2015, 10:14
Zitat:Age-related cognitive decline is accompanied by an alteration in neurotransmitter synthesis and a dysregulation of neuroplasticity-related molecules such as serotonin (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDFN). It has been previously demonstrated that hyperserotonemia induced by l-Tryptophan (TrP) enriched diet protect against memory deficits during physiological aging. Since 5-HT is closely associated to BDNF, we aimed to investigate the effect of high TrP diet on 5-HT levels and BDNF expression in Frontal Cortex (FC) and Hippocampus (Hp) of aged rats. We found that the raising of systemic 5-HT levels by chronic diet (1 month) containing high TrP significantly prevents age-related decline of BDNF protein expression in both brain areas as indicated by ELISA and Western Blot analyses. Interestingly, immunohistochemical analyses confirmed that high TrP diet significantly elevates the number of 5-HT immunoreactive fibers in both brain areas tested and this correlated with BDNF increase in the FC and hippocampal regions CA1, CA2, CA3 and a strikingly down-regulation of neurotrophin levels in the dentate gyrus (DG) of aged rats. Altogether, these finding provide evidence that enhanced TrP intake and the consequent increase in 5-HT neurotransmission may act as a modulator of BDNF system suggesting a possible mechanism for the protective role of serotonergic system on memory impairment occurring along normal aging process.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26444078
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#43
26.10.2015, 10:16 (Dieser Beitrag wurde zuletzt bearbeitet: 27.10.2015, 11:53 von Pygar.)
Light exposure before learning improves memory consolidation at night.

Zitat:Light is recently recognized as a modulator able to activate the hippocampus and modulate memory processing, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms. Here, we report that in mice, a short pulse of white light before learning dramatically improves consolidation of contextual fear memory during the night. The light exposure increases hippocampal active p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and CA1 long-term potentiation (LTP). These light effects are abolished in PAK1 knockout and dominant-negative transgenic mice, but preserved by expression of constitutively active PAK1 in the hippocampus. Our results indicate that light can act as a switch of PAK1 activity that modulate CA1 LTP and thereby memory consolidation without affecting learning and short-term memory.



Consumption of anthocyanin-rich cherry juice for 12 weeks improves memory and cognition in older adults with mild-to-moderate dementia.
Zitat:Abstract


PURPOSE:

Dietary flavonoids, including anthocyanins, may positively influence cognition and may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of dementia. We aimed to assess whether daily consumption of anthocyanin-rich cherry juice changed cognitive function in older adults with dementia. Blood pressure and anti-inflammatory effects were examined as secondary outcomes.

METHODS:

A 12-week randomised controlled trial assessed cognitive outcomes in older adults (+70 year) with mild-to-moderate dementia (n = 49) after consumption of 200 ml/day of either a cherry juice or a control juice with negligible anthocyanin content. Blood pressure and inflammatory markers (CRP and IL-6) were measured at 6 and 12 weeks. ANCOVA controlling for baseline and RMANOVA assessed change in cognition and blood pressure.

RESULTS:

Improvements in verbal fluency (p = 0.014), short-term memory (p = 0.014) and long-term memory (p ≤ 0.001) were found in the cherry juice group. A significant reduction in systolic (p = 0.038) blood pressure and a trend for diastolic (p = 0.160) blood pressure reduction was evident in the intervention group. Markers of inflammation (CRP and IL-6) were not altered.

CONCLUSION:

Inclusion of an anthocyanin-rich beverage may be a practical and feasible way to improve total anthocyanin consumption in older adults with mild-to-moderate dementia, with potential to improve specific cognitive outcomes.
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#44
26.10.2015, 23:12
Ausgezeichnete Zusammenstellung, Pygar; danke!
Das Licht des Herzens ist die Stille
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RE: Vollkommen unverdaute, zusammenhangslose Zitate zum Thema Gehirn
#45
04.11.2015, 10:01 (Dieser Beitrag wurde zuletzt bearbeitet: 04.11.2015, 10:50 von Pygar.)
Gerne big
Freut mich, wenn es noch jemandem nützt.

Zitat:For example, low intake of omega-3 fatty acids is associated with several forms of cognitive decline in the elderly [31], whereas a diet rich in it is associated with the prevention of cognitive decline [116]. Interestingly, rodents with omega-3 fatty acids deficiency showed impaired performance in spatial memory tasks, which could be rectified after dietary replenishment [26]. Moreover, omega-3 fatty acid concentrations are lower in patients with depression [68], and its supplementation has even emerged as a potential treatment for depression [30, 42]. Likewise, the intake of flavonoids is positively correlated with cognitive function [119] and mood [78]. Although these studies emphasize an important role of diet on mental health, further work is necessary to determine the mechanisms underlying these behavioural effects.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2775886/


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2680508/
Zitat:Few studies pertaining to exercise and cognition have been carried out in children and young adults [6]. However, a positive correlation between physical activity and learning and intelligence scores was reported in a meta-analysis of school-age children [14]. In addition, in college students reaction time [15] and vocabulary learning were faster immediately after intense running [16]. Similar results were obtained in young adults after 12 weeks of aerobic training (average age 33) [17]. This research indicates that, rather than observing a ceiling effect of exercise in young people, being active makes a functional difference. In addition, aerobic exercise in childhood might increase the resilience of the brain later in life, resulting in a so-called cognitive reserve. Indeed, a positive correlation between physical activity at ages 15–25 and information processing speed in older men (62–85) was reported [18].



Ahhh: Oh NEIN!!!
Zitat:"Overall, regular caffeine consumers who'd been without caffeine overnight, were slower on the reaction time task, were sleepier and were less mentally alert than non-users," Professor Rogers said.

They did improve after they got a caffeine drink, but only up to the level the non-users had achieved without caffeine.

http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29817519
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